Usporedna analiza eksploatacijskih značajki dizelskih i električnih motora

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Comparative Analysis of Diesel and Electric Motors Exploitation Characteristics
• Author: Marko Šukunda
• Mentor: Željko Šarić (mentor)
• Committee member: Goran Zovak (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivo Jurić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marijan Rajsman (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences; (Division of Transport); (Department of Road Transport); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-08-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Traffic and Transport Technology; Road and Rail Transport

Abstract

Motori s unutarnjim izgaranjem toplinski su strojevi za pretvorbu toplinske energije u koristan mehanički rad. Mogu se podijeliti prema raznim parametrima, prema broju taktova na dvotaktne (2T) i četverotaktne (4T) motore, prema načinu izgaranja i pogonskom gorivu na Diesel, Otto i Wankel motore, prema načinu hlađenja na motore hlađene zrakom ili tekućinom itd. Motor s unutarnjim izgaranjem sastoji se od oko tisuću manjih dijelova, međutim glavni dijelovi zaslužni za obavljanje procesa izgaranja su klipni mehanizam, glava i blok motora te uređaji motora. Od tekućina važno je spomenuti ulje iz kartera motora kojim se smanjuje trošenje materijala i podmazuju elementi u dodiru, gorivo iz spremnika koje uz određenu količinu zraka potiče izgaranje, te rashladnu tekućinu koja održava radnu temperaturu motora i sprječava pregrijavanje. Razlike u konstrukciji vozila s Diesel motorima i vozila na električni pogon su velike, ponajprije zato što električna vozila imaju znatno manje dijelova, sastoje je od baterije, elektromotora i kontrolera. Za rad koriste obnovljive izvore energije, nemaju ispušnih plinova i mogu sami stvarati energiju npr. regeneracijskim kočenjem kojim se kinetička energija sprema u bateriju za ponovno korištenje. Održavanje vozila s motorima s unutarnjim izgaranjem zahtjevnije je nego održavanje električnih vozila jer ima više dijelova koji mogu biti u kvaru, ali za razliku od električnih vozila, održavanje se može izvršiti na više lokacija i dijelovi su puno pristupačniji. S ciljem smanjenja ispušnih plinova i trošenja neobnovljivih izvora energije, putem zabrane ulaska Diesela u centre velikih gradova i najavom prestanka proizvodnje u narednim godinama, a poticajima za električna vozila, može se reći da Dieseli polako odlaze u prošlost, a vozila na električni pogon tek dolaze, još se razvijaju i osiguravaju čišću budućnost.

Abstract (english)

Internal-combustion engines are heat converters for the conversion of heat energy into useful mechanical work. They can be divided according to various parameters, according to the number of tacts on two-stroke (2T) and four-stroke (4T) engines, according to combustion mode and propulsion fuel on Diesel, Otto and Wankel engines, by cooling mode on air-cooled or fluid-cooled engine etc. Internal-combustion engines consists of about one thousand smaller parts, however the main parts of the combustion process are the piston mechanism, the head and the engine block and the engine units. From the fluids it is important to mention the oil from the engine crankcase, which reduces friction and lubricates elements that are in contact, tank fuel that, with a certain amount of air, stimulates combustion and cooling liquid that maintains engine operating temperature and prevents overheating. Differences in the design of vehicles with Diesel engines and electric vehicles are big, primarily because electric vehicles have significantly less parts, consisting of batteries, electric engine and controllers. They use renewable energy, they do not have exhaust gases, and can generate energy themselves, for example, with regenerative braking, which saves kinetic energy in the rechargeable battery. Maintaining vehicles with internal combustion engines is more demanding than maintenance of electric vehicles because there are more parts that may be malfunctioning, but unlike electric vehicles, maintenance can be done on multiple locations and parts are far more accessible. With the aim of reducing exhaust emissions and the consumption of non-renewable energy sources, through the ban of entering Diesel into centers of large cities and stopping of production in the coming years, and with the incentives for electric vehicles, it can be said that the Diesel engines are slowly going into the past and electric vehicles are just coming, still developing and providing a cleaner future.

• Keywords: Motori s unutarnjim izgaranjem; Diesel; Električna vozila; Električni motori; Elektromotor
• Keywords (english): Internal-combustion engine; Diesel; Electric vehicles; Electric engines; Electromotor
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:119:105680
• Study programme: Title: Traffic and Transport; specializations in: Road Traffic and Transport, Railway Traffic and Transport, Water Traffic and Transport, Air Traffic and Transport, Postal Traffic, Information and Communication Traffic, Urban Traffic and Transport; Course: Road Traffic and Transport; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka prometa (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka prometa)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-12-23 10:31:53