Izračun učinaka blizine tla pri uzlijetanju i slijetanju aviona

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Calculation of the Ground Effect during Take-off and Landing of an Airplane
• Author: Matko Stipičević
• Mentor: Davor Franjković (mentor)
• Committee member: Karolina Krajček Nikolić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Petar Andraši (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anita Domitrović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences; (Division of Aeronautics); (Department of Aeronautics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Traffic and Transport Technology; Air Traffic

Abstract

Unutar učinka blizine tla, za razliku od leta u slobodnoj struji zraka na velikim visinama, avionu se smanjuje inducirani otpor te se pritom poboljšavaju aerodinamičke sposobnosti krila. Krilo tada stvara veći uzgon i omogućuje avionu da održava svoju visinu pri brzinama manjim od onih koje su potrebne izvan učinka blizine tla. Učinak se osjeća dok se avion kreće na tlu te u letu na visinama do otprilike polovine raspona krila aviona. Taj učinak može se matematički opisati jednadžbom, odnosno faktorom 𝜙, koja za parametre uzima visinu krila iznad tla i raspon krila aviona. Cilj ovog rada bio je tom jednadžbom izračunati i usporediti faktore 𝜙 za tri aviona te budući da učinak blizine tla ovisi o dva navedena parametra, izračunati i ovisnost faktora 𝜙 o njima. Odrediti granice učinka te opisati postupke pilota i moguće opasnosti tijekom prolaska kroz te granice tijekom uzlijetanja i slijetanja. Na kraju rada navedena je i zrakoplovna nesreća povezana s učinkom blizine tla kako bi se pokazala opasnost zanemarivanja ovog učinka.

Abstract (english)

Within the ground effect, as opposed to flying in a free stream of air at high altitudes, the induced drag of the airplane is reduced and the aerodynamic capabilities of the wings are improved. The wing then creates more lift and allows the airplane to maintain its altitude at speeds lower than those required outside the ground effect. The effect is felt while the plane moves on the ground and in flight at altitudes up to approximately half of the airplane's wingspan. This effect can be mathematically described by an equation, i.e., the factor 𝜙, that takes as parameters the height of the wing above ground and wingspan of the airplane. The aim of this paper was to use this equation to calculate and compare the factors 𝜙 for three airplanes and, since the ground effect depends on the two mentioned parameters, to calculate the dependence of the factor 𝜙 on them. Determine the effect’s limits and describe the pilots’ actions and possible dangers while passing through these limits while taking-off and landing. At the end of the paper, an airplane accident related to the ground effect is mentioned to demonstrate the danger of neglecting this effect.

• Keywords: učinak blizine tla; faktor 𝜙; inducirani otpor; uzgon; kritični napadni kut
• Keywords (english): ground effect; factor 𝜙; induced drag; lift; critical angle of attack
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:119:115521
• Study programme: Title: Aeronautics; specializations in: Pilot, Air Traffic Management; Course: Pilot; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka aeronautike (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka aeronautike)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-11-21 11:06:38